LED vs incandescent: what one bulb costs a year

The most-repeated saving in home energy, worth checking rather than repeating, because the honest answer includes how small it is per bulb and how large it is per house. At the US average rate of 18.34¢ per kilowatt-hour the gap is $17 a year.

All comparisons · Both figures from the same duty-cycle model · EIA June 2026

LED light bulb costs less by

$17a year

$171 over ten years · LED light bulb uses 85% less electricity

LED light bulb 16 kWh a year against 110 kWh — at the US average rate of 18.34¢/kWh.

LED light bulb16 kWh$3.01
Incandescent bulb110 kWh$20

The verdict

The LED wins by roughly six to one for the same light. About 90% of an incandescent bulb’s energy leaves as heat rather than light, which is also why it is warm to touch. In summer an air conditioner then removes that heat, so each incandescent bulb costs its own electricity plus the cooling to undo it.

Side by side

LED light bulb and incandescent bulb are costed by the same function from the same dataset, so the $17 between them is a difference in the appliances and not in how each was measured. LED light bulb draws an average 9 W across the hours it runs; incandescent bulb draws 60 W across its own.

Both at 18.34¢/kWh, the EIA residential average for June 2026. Ten years is roughly the service life of either.

LED light bulbIncandescent bulbDifference
Electricity a year16 kWh110 kWh93 kWh
Cost a year$3.01$20$17
Cost a month$0.25$1.67$1.42
Over ten years$30$201$171

The assumptions behind those figures

Nothing above is a manufacturer’s claim. 9 W at 100% for 5 hours a day, 365 days a year, is where LED light bulb’s 16 kWh comes from; 60 W at 100% for 5 hours over 365 days is where incandescent bulb’s 110 kWh comes from. The duty cycle is the input most published comparisons leave out, and it is why the ratings and the running costs are not in the same proportion here.

Change any of these on the appliance’s own page and every figure moves with it. The duty cycle is a property of the machine; the hours are a property of you.

LED light bulbIncandescent bulb
Rated power9 W60 W
Duty cycle100%100%
Hours a day in service55
Days a year365365
Average draw while in service9 W60 W

Does the switch pay for itself?

The saving is $17 a year. What that has to pay back is the one number this site does not have — what LED light bulb costs you, installed, after whatever incentives you qualify for — and quotes for the same job differ by thousands. So put yours in rather than have this page invent one, and the arithmetic runs in front of you.

Residential average for June 2026, from the EIA. Your own tariff may differ; you can read it off your bill.

The price after any rebate or tax credit you qualify for — that is the number the saving has to pay back.

Not how long it lasts — how long you expect to be the one paying the bill.

Saving a year
$17
Pays back in

once you enter a price

Net over 15 years
Electricity saved
93 kWh

a year

Enter the quote you were actually given, after any rebate or credit. At the US average rate of 18.34¢ per kWh the switch saves $17 a year — that is the figure your quote has to pay back.

The gap in your state

The appliances are the same everywhere; the rate is not. The gap between these two is worth $49 a year in Hawaii and $12 in Nevada — 4× apart, on identical appliances.

A year of each, by state. Residential average price, EIA June 2026.

StateRateLED light bulbIncandescent bulbDifference
Hawaii52.72¢$8.66$58$49
California34.74¢$5.71$38$32
Massachusetts29.61¢$4.86$32$28
Maine29.59¢$4.86$32$28
New York29.49¢$4.84$32$27
Rhode Island29.23¢$4.80$32$27
Alaska28.21¢$4.63$31$26
New Hampshire27.01¢$4.44$30$25
New Jersey24.95¢$4.10$27$23
Vermont24.44¢$4.01$27$23
District of Columbia24.39¢$4.01$27$23
Connecticut24.32¢$3.99$27$23
Michigan22.99¢$3.78$25$21
Maryland21.84¢$3.59$24$20
Pennsylvania21.73¢$3.57$24$20
Illinois19.89¢$3.27$22$19
Wisconsin19.56¢$3.21$21$18
Delaware19.29¢$3.17$21$18
Ohio19.19¢$3.15$21$18
Minnesota17.52¢$2.88$19$16
Indiana17.51¢$2.88$19$16
Virginia17.22¢$2.83$19$16
Colorado17.13¢$2.81$19$16
Alabama16.4¢$2.69$18$15
Georgia16.36¢$2.69$18$15
Oregon16.32¢$2.68$18$15
Missouri16.22¢$2.66$18$15
Texas15.94¢$2.62$17$15
Iowa15.93¢$2.62$17$15
Kansas15.71¢$2.58$17$15
South Carolina15.55¢$2.55$17$14
West Virginia15.45¢$2.54$17$14
South Dakota15.36¢$2.52$17$14
Wyoming15.24¢$2.50$17$14
Arizona15.18¢$2.49$17$14
Montana15.14¢$2.49$17$14
Florida15.1¢$2.48$17$14
New Mexico15.06¢$2.47$16$14
Washington14.91¢$2.45$16$14
Mississippi14.88¢$2.44$16$14
North Carolina14.74¢$2.42$16$14
Idaho14.37¢$2.36$16$13
Oklahoma14.33¢$2.35$16$13
Kentucky14.26¢$2.34$16$13
Arkansas14.12¢$2.32$15$13
North Dakota14.12¢$2.32$15$13
Tennessee14.07¢$2.31$15$13
Louisiana13.49¢$2.22$15$13
Utah13.37¢$2.20$15$12
Nebraska13.25¢$2.18$15$12
Nevada13.11¢$2.15$14$12

Questions

How much does switching one light bulb actually save?
The LED wins by roughly six to one for the same light. On the assumptions printed above, LED light bulb costs $3.01 a year and incandescent bulb costs $20 at 18.34¢ per kilowatt-hour — a difference of $17 a year, or $171 over ten years at today’s rate.
How is LED light bulb’s 16 kWh a year calculated?
Rated watts × duty cycle × hours × days, plus standby, times your rate — the same function that produces every figure on this site. For LED light bulb: 9 W × 100% × 5 h × 365 days ÷ 1,000 = 16 kWh, which at 18.34¢ is $3.01. Incandescent bulb runs through the identical arithmetic on its own assumptions and lands at $20. The rate is the EIA residential average for June 2026; nothing here is a manufacturer’s claim.
Is it worth replacing a bulb that still works?
For a fitting that is on several hours a day, yes — the payback is usually a few months. For a bulb in a cupboard used twice a month, the honest answer is no, and replacing it when it fails is fine.
Is there anything left to gain after switching?
Very little. Lighting is now a small share of a typical bill, and the remaining saving is in switching lights off rather than in changing bulbs again. The large items are heating, water heating and cooling.
Does my state change the answer?
It changes the size of the gap, never its direction. The same pair costs $49 a year apart in Hawaii and $12 in Nevada. Whichever uses less electricity uses less everywhere; only what that is worth moves.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A, June 2026. U.S. Government work, public domain.

How every figure on this page is computed · Where the data comes from