What does a pool heat pump cost to run?

Run the numbers on your own use

Change any of these and the figures update. The defaults are the typical case described above; your rate is the input that moves the answer most.

Why this is lower than the number you will see elsewhere

Almost every published answer to this question multiplies the rating on the label by the hours the appliance is switched on. For a pool heat pump that gives 4,800 kWh a year, or $880.

Runs long and steadily to hold temperature against the pool’s enormous surface losses, rather than cycling quickly like a room heater.

The arithmetic, step by step

Nothing here is hidden, so you can check it or change it. Working in the order the formula runs:

1. 5,000 W — what it draws while it is actually drawing. This is the rating on the plate.
2. × 65% — the share of its in-service time it is really pulling that. Runs long and steadily to hold temperature against the pool’s enormous surface losses, rather than cycling quickly like a room heater.
   That gives 3250 W averaged across the hours it is on.
3. × 8 hours a day × 120 days — Holding a residential pool at swimming temperature through an extended season.
   3250 × 8 × 120 ÷ 1,000 = 3,120 kWh a year.
4. + standby — 10 W for the other 16.0 hours a day, which is 19 kWh a year. People leave this out and it is not always small.
5. × 18.34¢ — the US average residential rate for June 2026.
   3,139 kWh × 18.34¢ = $576 a year.

Change any assumption in the calculator above and every figure on this page moves with it. The two that matter most are your rate, which varies 4× across the country, and the hours — the duty cycle is a property of the appliance, but the hours are a property of you.

How sensitive is that number?

A single figure invites more confidence than it deserves. Here is the same appliance under assumptions either side of the default, so you can see how much of the answer is the appliance and how much is the guess about how you use it.

Everything else held at the default. The spread here is the honest error bar on the headline figure.

What it costs per hour, day and month

At 18.34¢ per kWh, the US residential average for June 2026.

The thing worth knowing

Almost all of the cost is replacing heat lost from the surface, not raising the temperature in the first place. A pool loses most of its heat by evaporation from the top, which means a cover is worth more than any efficiency the heater itself can offer — commonly cutting heating energy by half to three quarters. Heating an uncovered pool is close to heating the sky.

What it costs in your state

The appliance is the same everywhere; the rate is not. Running this pool heat pump costs $1,655 a year in Hawaii and $412 in Nevada — a difference of 4×.

Cost of running one pool heat pump for a year, by state. Residential average price, EIA June 2026.

Other water heating and pumps costs

• Hot tub

  $602 a year

  A 400-gallon tub held at 102F year round, well covered.

• Electric water heater

  $499 a year

  A 50-gallon tank serving a household of three to four.

• Pool pump

  $396 a year

  A single-speed pump on an eight-hour timer through the season.

• Koi pond pump

  $241 a year

  A pump circulating a mid-size koi pond through its filter, year round.

• Heat pump water heater

  $177 a year

  A 50-gallon hybrid in a basement, resistance backup rarely engaged.

• Septic aerator pump

  $112 a year

  An aerobic septic system running as intended.

Questions

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A, June 2026. U.S. Government work, public domain.

How every figure on this page is computed · Where the data comes from